The Gas, who last 2-0 at Birmingham at the weekend, have won only six out of 19 league games this season to leave them two points above the drop zone.
A club statement read: “Bristol Rovers FC can confirm that manager Matt Taylor and assistant manager Wayne Carlisle have been relieved of their first team duties.
“The club would like to place on record our sincere thanks to Matt and Wayne for all their hard work during their time with Bristol Rovers, and we wish them both every success in their respective future careers,”
After taking over on a three-and-a-half-year contract on December 1st of last year, Taylor, 42, managed 10 victories as the team finished in 15th place.
In 2021–2022, Taylor guided Exeter City to promotion to the third division after serving as manager of Rotherham United for 13 months.
A few months after Kuwaiti businessman Hussain AlSaeed acquired a majority ownership in the club, and after former manager Joey Barton left, he was hired at the Memorial Ground.
In the interim, coaches Lee Cattermole and David Horseman will be in charge.
This summer, they join Northampton Town in their search for a manager who can lead them to safety.